luc116.c

Metadata

• Author — Amit Dutta
• Last updated — 08 Feb 2026
• License — MIT License (See the LICENSE file for details)

Problem Statement

Problem Statement

Compile any C program into a .EXE or a .out file. Obtain SHA256 checksum of the file.

Source Code

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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdint.h>

/* * Self-contained SHA-256 Implementation
 * Based on FIPS 180-2 reference logic.
 */

// --- SHA256 Implementation Start ---
typedef struct {
    uint8_t data[64];
    uint32_t datalen;
    uint64_t bitlen;
    uint32_t state[8];
} SHA256_CTX;

#define ROTRIGHT(a,b) (((a) >> (b)) | ((a) << (32-(b))))
#define CH(x,y,z) (((x) & (y)) ^ (~(x) & (z)))
#define MAJ(x,y,z) (((x) & (y)) ^ ((x) & (z)) ^ ((y) & (z)))
#define EP0(x) (ROTRIGHT(x,2) ^ ROTRIGHT(x,13) ^ ROTRIGHT(x,22))
#define EP1(x) (ROTRIGHT(x,6) ^ ROTRIGHT(x,11) ^ ROTRIGHT(x,25))
#define SIG0(x) (ROTRIGHT(x,7) ^ ROTRIGHT(x,18) ^ ((x) >> 3))
#define SIG1(x) (ROTRIGHT(x,17) ^ ROTRIGHT(x,19) ^ ((x) >> 10))

static const uint32_t K[64] = {
    0x428a2f98,0x71374491,0xb5c0fbcf,0xe9b5dba5,0x3956c25b,0x59f111f1,0x923f82a4,0xab1c5ed5,
    0xd807aa98,0x12835b01,0x243185be,0x550c7dc3,0x72be5d74,0x80deb1fe,0x9bdc06a7,0xc19bf174,
    0xe49b69c1,0xefbe4786,0x0fc19dc6,0x240ca1cc,0x2de92c6f,0x4a7484aa,0x5cb0a9dc,0x76f988da,
    0x983e5152,0xa831c66d,0xb00327c8,0xbf597fc7,0xc6e00bf3,0xd5a79147,0x06ca6351,0x14292967,
    0x27b70a85,0x2e1b2138,0x4d2c6dfc,0x53380d13,0x650a7354,0x766a0abb,0x81c2c92e,0x92722c85,
    0xa2bfe8a1,0xa81a664b,0xc24b8b70,0xc76c51a3,0xd192e819,0xd6990624,0xf40e3585,0x106aa070,
    0x19a4c116,0x1e376c08,0x2748774c,0x34b0bcb5,0x391c0cb3,0x4ed8aa4a,0x5b9cca4f,0x682e6ff3,
    0x748f82ee,0x78a5636f,0x84c87814,0x8cc70208,0x90befffa,0xa4506ceb,0xbef9a3f7,0xc67178f2
};

void sha256_transform(SHA256_CTX *ctx, const uint8_t data[]) {
    uint32_t a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, t1, t2, m[64];

    for (i = 0, j = 0; i < 16; ++i, j += 4)
        m[i] = (data[j] << 24) | (data[j + 1] << 16) | (data[j + 2] << 8) | (data[j + 3]);
    for (; i < 64; ++i)
        m[i] = SIG1(m[i - 2]) + m[i - 7] + SIG0(m[i - 15]) + m[i - 16];

    a = ctx->state[0]; b = ctx->state[1]; c = ctx->state[2]; d = ctx->state[3];
    e = ctx->state[4]; f = ctx->state[5]; g = ctx->state[6]; h = ctx->state[7];

    for (i = 0; i < 64; ++i) {
        t1 = h + EP1(e) + CH(e, f, g) + K[i] + m[i];
        t2 = EP0(a) + MAJ(a, b, c);
        h = g; g = f; f = e; e = d + t1;
        d = c; c = b; b = a; a = t1 + t2;
    }

    ctx->state[0] += a; ctx->state[1] += b; ctx->state[2] += c; ctx->state[3] += d;
    ctx->state[4] += e; ctx->state[5] += f; ctx->state[6] += g; ctx->state[7] += h;
}

void sha256_init(SHA256_CTX *ctx) {
    ctx->datalen = 0;
    ctx->bitlen = 0;
    ctx->state[0] = 0x6a09e667; ctx->state[1] = 0xbb67ae85;
    ctx->state[2] = 0x3c6ef372; ctx->state[3] = 0xa54ff53a;
    ctx->state[4] = 0x510e527f; ctx->state[5] = 0x9b05688c;
    ctx->state[6] = 0x1f83d9ab; ctx->state[7] = 0x5be0cd19;
}

void sha256_update(SHA256_CTX *ctx, const uint8_t data[], size_t len) {
    for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
        ctx->data[ctx->datalen] = data[i];
        ctx->datalen++;
        if (ctx->datalen == 64) {
            sha256_transform(ctx, ctx->data);
            ctx->bitlen += 512;
            ctx->datalen = 0;
        }
    }
}

void sha256_final(SHA256_CTX *ctx, uint8_t hash[]) {
    uint32_t i = ctx->datalen;
    if (ctx->datalen < 56) {
        ctx->data[i++] = 0x80;
        while (i < 56) ctx->data[i++] = 0x00;
    } else {
        ctx->data[i++] = 0x80;
        while (i < 64) ctx->data[i++] = 0x00;
        sha256_transform(ctx, ctx->data);
        memset(ctx->data, 0, 56);
    }
    
    ctx->bitlen += ctx->datalen * 8;
    ctx->data[63] = ctx->bitlen;
    ctx->data[62] = ctx->bitlen >> 8;
    ctx->data[61] = ctx->bitlen >> 16;
    ctx->data[60] = ctx->bitlen >> 24;
    ctx->data[59] = ctx->bitlen >> 32;
    ctx->data[58] = ctx->bitlen >> 40;
    ctx->data[57] = ctx->bitlen >> 48;
    ctx->data[56] = ctx->bitlen >> 56;
    sha256_transform(ctx, ctx->data);

    for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
        hash[i]      = (ctx->state[0] >> (24 - i * 8)) & 0x000000ff;
        hash[i + 4]  = (ctx->state[1] >> (24 - i * 8)) & 0x000000ff;
        hash[i + 8]  = (ctx->state[2] >> (24 - i * 8)) & 0x000000ff;
        hash[i + 12] = (ctx->state[3] >> (24 - i * 8)) & 0x000000ff;
        hash[i + 16] = (ctx->state[4] >> (24 - i * 8)) & 0x000000ff;
        hash[i + 20] = (ctx->state[5] >> (24 - i * 8)) & 0x000000ff;
        hash[i + 24] = (ctx->state[6] >> (24 - i * 8)) & 0x000000ff;
        hash[i + 28] = (ctx->state[7] >> (24 - i * 8)) & 0x000000ff;
    }
}
// --- SHA256 Implementation End ---

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    FILE *fp;
    char filename[100];
    uint8_t buffer[1024];
    size_t bytesRead;
    SHA256_CTX ctx;
    uint8_t hash[32];
    int i;

    // Get filename
    if (argc < 2) {
        printf("Enter filename to checksum (e.g., this_program.exe): ");
        scanf("%s", filename);
    } else {
        strcpy(filename, argv[1]);
    }

    fp = fopen(filename, "rb"); // Open in binary mode
    if (fp == NULL) {
        printf("Error: Could not open file '%s'\n", filename);
        return 1;
    }

    sha256_init(&ctx);

    while ((bytesRead = fread(buffer, 1, sizeof(buffer), fp)) > 0) {
        sha256_update(&ctx, buffer, bytesRead);
    }

    sha256_final(&ctx, hash);
    fclose(fp);

    printf("SHA256 Checksum of '%s':\n", filename);
    for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
        printf("%02x", hash[i]);
    }
    printf("\n");

    return 0;
}